天然產物研究與開發.
網絡首發時間：2020-11-06
https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1335.Q.20201105.1600.002.html
紅參的化學成分及藥理作用研究進展
樊偉旭
2 紅參的藥理活性
2.1 增強免疫及抗腫瘤
蒸制之法會使紅參生成一些稀有成分或特有成分，使其具有顯著的抗腫瘤活性。 [40] 研究發現紅參中人參總皂苷、人參單體皂苷 Rb 1 、Rd、Rh 1 、Rh 2 、Rg 3 、CK 及紅參酸性多糖可增強免疫功能 [41] 。亦有研究證明人參皂苷 Rg 3 與阿帕替尼 [42] 可協同增強抗癌活性。目前，對稀有皂苷 Rg 3 抗腫瘤作用的研究已有較為完善的綜述 [43, 44] ，故在此佐證紅參其他成分的抗腫瘤作用。Liu [45] 通過對食管鱗癌細胞的體外培養及裸鼠體內接種，發現人參皂苷 Rk 3 可抑制裸鼠體內腫瘤生長、抑制食管癌細胞 Eca109 和 KYSE150 的增殖等發揮抗癌活性。Chen等 [46] 發現人參皂苷 CK 可以抑制骨肉瘤細胞的存活和增殖，具有明顯的抗腫瘤作用。另有研究發現人參皂苷 Rk 1 、人參皂苷 Rg 5 可抑制乳腺癌細胞的增殖 [47, 48] 。Li 等 [49] 研究發現紅參多糖可抑制白細胞數減少症、增強NK細胞（natural killer cell）活性，白細胞介素-2 （interleukin-2，IL-2）活性對紅參多糖具有劑量依賴性，濃度愈高，活性愈強，但當紅參多糖濃度到達一定程度，IL-2 活性會有所下降。
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